And how would people treat deductions, how and what their money is spent, if each month they had to personally go and give a third of the money they earned?

The Third!! The PFF!
My friend, if you get 40,000 rubles, then the employer pays you about 65 trillion rubles.
Then of them 30% in the PFR and FSS, then 13% - the NDFL. They do it for you.
Then you get your forty and, attention, all you spend them on, also contains VAT 18% (well, with small exceptions).
Additional taxes (alcohol, cigarettes and fuel) You do not drink, you do not smoke - that means you pay tax only for fuel both directly and as part of the price of the goods (the same transport was delivered to the warehouse and to the store). Plus property and car taxes.
Approximately, this is about 15-20% of your remaining money.
Now count - if your work costs 65 rubles, you get 40 rubles on your hands, and you really spend 26 rubles on everything. And 39 thousand rubles for you gets the state. And they also ride on foreign markers, "repair" roads and everything else.
Consciously? Of your salary, you have 26, and the officials have 39. They all come up with ways to cut you off...