yyy: A linguistic question. Reflecting, we conduct an internal dialogue in our native language, in this case Russian.
Words and grammatical constructions are known, whose analogues in Russian language are difficult or impossible to pick.
Accordingly, is the thinking of, say, the Mexican Indian who thinks on a nautical, categorically different from the thinking of the Russian man? Or are the main categories not changed by the change of coding?

It is different, yes. If an alien race arrives on Earth, whose language will only have the words "kill" and "violate", we will scratch it.