In fact, everything is much more interesting. It is forgotten about the thing that in domestic contracts is somewhere in the tail and small, and in international - the opposite. Ensuring the fulfillment of obligations. In international lending, a third party – which insures the risk of the lender – is practically mandatory.
For example: the IMF promises to give 10 billion under 20%, the EU promises to help in the same amount. Swindomite leaves saliva – that’s 20 billion backs, let’s live!
Fact situation: The IMF can give 10 billion in the form of 5 billion in money and 5 billion in goods supplies. But there is a high risk that $10 billion will not be returned. He asks the EU to be a guarantor – that is, to sign a treaty that, in case of impossibility of return, he will insure Ukraine by paying for it. “Okay,” the EU said. This service will cost 30% of the loan, i.e. 3 billion. You need to get it right away and only with money.
It turns out that of the 5 billion, there will be 2 billion, and another 5 billion will be, as Georgia in 2006, to supply 1962 production mortars, which were not useful in Vietnam because they were already outdated, but will supply them at the price of new ones.